• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for fixing a detachable sidewall unit (4) comprising a mold surface (4a) in a horizontal mold for concrete sandwich element (1, 8), which element comprises at least one insulation layer (1b, 8b), wherein the sidewall unit (4) is fixed in the insulation layer (1b, 8b) of the concrete sandwich element (1, 8) to be cast. The invention also relates to such a sidewall unit (4).
    公开号:FI20185014A1
    申请号:FI20185014
    申请日:2018-01-08
    公开日:2019-07-09
    发明作者:Jouni SIRKKA；Paul Hayhurst
    申请人:Elematic Oyj；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to mold casting of prefabricated concrete products. More precisely the present invention relates to a method for fixing a sidewall element of a casting mold detachably to form a casting mold, and to a such a detachable sidewall element.
    When manufacturing prefabricated concrete products, the products are cast in a manufacturing factory in molds that can be vertical molds, such as battery molds, or horizontal molds, such as table molds and tilting molds. For assembling the molds, detachable sidewall units are generally used that are attached to the mold surface, either horizontal or vertical surface, by means of magnets. Some of the sidewalls or sidewall units of the casting mold may also be fixedly connected, by bolts or welding, or connected through hinges to the mold, generally at the edges of the mold surface.
    When using horizontal molds, such as table molds or tilting molds, the manufacturing process is started by first building on the horizontal casting table a mold that defines the dimensions of the product to be cast. Generally this is nowadays carried out by building the mold on a metallic tiltable casting table of mold sidewall units that are attached by means of magnets. When the mold defining the external measures of the mold is finished, inside the mold there are, when necessary, respectively formed areas bordered by sidewall units, for example for windows, doors or other corresponding allocations defining the casting area of the cast product. Moreover, when necessary, various devices are placed on the casting table inside the mold for shaping the outer surface of the cast product or for forming the required profiles for the outer surface, such as cardboard, provided with surface retarder, that is set on the casting table when casting graphic concrete. At the final stage of preparing the mold, it is provided with the necessary reinforcements, whereafter concrete mix is poured in the mold.
    For pouring concrete mix in a mold, there is generally used a concrete mix casting arrangement moving above the mold that feeds concrete mix to the casting mold. When employing a tilting or table mold, this casting of concrete mix in the mold takes place from a casting arrangement placed above the casting table or brought above the casting table. When casting in a circulating mold line, the casting mold is generally brought to a vibrator station provided with casting equipment, in which vibrator station the concrete mix is poured in the mold.
    20185014 prh 08 -01- 2018
    When casting concrete sandwich wall elements, which comprise at least one insulation material layer between two concrete layers, the casting of concrete into the mold and preparation and furnishing of the horizontal mold table is done in alternating stages. In the first stage the required reinforcements for the first concrete layer 5 are added to the bottom part of the mold and concrete mass is cast at the bottom of the mold against the surface of the mold table. This first casting forms the outer concrete surface layer of the concrete sandwich wall element. After the first layer has been cast, the insulation layer is formed on top of the first concrete layer in the mold. After forming of the insulation layer, required reinforcements are formed on 10 top of the insulation layer and the second concrete layer is cast on top of the insulation layer. The second concrete layer forms the load bearing structure of the concrete sandwich wall element.
    In many concrete sandwich wall elements, the last cast load bearing concrete layer is not of the equal size than the first cast concrete layer and/or the insulation layer, 15 but smaller. This makes the building of the mold for these kind of concrete sandwich elements quite complex manual work, which is not easily automatized for use of furnishing robots.
    The situation is further complicated in situations, where the load bearing layer of the concrete sandwich wall element comprises reinforcements which extend outside of 20 the formed concrete layer. This requires special arrangements for the mold sidewall units used to allow the reinforcements pass through the surfaces restricting the said concrete layer in the mold.
    One known solution for sidewall unit to be used in mold forming and casting these kind of sandwich elements is disclosed in publication DE 202015104489 U1. In this 25 solution the sidewall unit comprises upper section which is horizontally adjustable, so that two separate horizontally displaced mold surfaces can be formed with a same sidewall unit.
    The present invention provides a novel way to fix a sidewall unit in the casting of concrete sandwich elements, wherein the sidewall unit is fixed in the insulation layer 30 of the concrete sandwich element. This allows for an easy fixing and less restricted placement of the sidewall unit in the mold, which can be implemented with a furnishing robot more easily.
    In the method of the invention the fixing a detachable sidewall unit comprising a mold surface in a horizontal mold for concrete sandwich element, which element
    20185014 prh 08 -01- 2018 comprises at least one insulation layer, is implemented via the insulation layer of the concrete sandwich element to be cast.
    In an embodiment of the method of the invention the fixing of the sidewall to the insulation layer unit is implemented with fixing means that are an integral part of the 5 sidewall unit or separate structural entity from the sidewall unit.
    In an embodiment of the method of the invention the fixing of the sidewall unit is implemented via the top surface of the insulation layer in the orientation of the insulation layer in the horizontal mold.
    In an embodiment of the method of the invention the fixing means of the sidewall 10 unit are at least partially embedded in the insulation layer to obtain the fixing effect for the sidewall unit.
    The present invention also provides a sidewall unit for a mold of concrete sandwich element, which element comprises at least one insulation layer, wherein the sidewall unit comprises a mold surface and fixing means for fixing the sidewall unit detacha15 bly to the insulation layer of the concrete sandwich element to be cast.
    In an embodiment of the sidewall unit of the invention the fixing means may be an integral part of the sidewall unit or a separate structural entity from the sidewall unit.
    In an embodiment of the sidewall unit of the invention the fixing means comprises a section to be embedded in the insulation layer of the concrete sandwich element for 20 obtaining the fixing effect.
    In an embodiment of the sidewall unit of the invention the fixing means comprises a device for applying a screwing action to be screwed to the insulation layer for obtaining the fixing effect. This type of device comprises a section to be screwed inside the insulation material layer and suitable means for obtaining the screwing move25 ment for the section to be screwed inside the insulation material layer.
    In an embodiment of the sidewall unit of the invention the mold surface comprises slots for allowing reinforcements to extend through the mold surface, which slots are equipped with flexible material for closing of the area of the slot not covered by the reinforcements.
    More precisely the features defining a method of the present invention are presented in claim 1, and the features defining a sidewall unit of the present invention are
    20185014 prh 08 -01- 2018 presented in claim 5. Dependent claims present advantageous features and embodiments of the invention.
    Exemplifying embodiments of the invention and their advantages are explained in greater detail below in the sense of example and with reference to accompanying 5 drawings, where
    Figure 1 shows schematically a table mold arrangement in accordance with the present invention,
    Figures 2A and 2B show schematically an alternative sidewall unit fixing solution in accordance with the present invention,
    Figures 3A and 3B show schematically another alternative sidewall unit fixing solution in accordance with the present invention,
    Figures 4A and 4B show schematically one mold sidewall plate used in the solution of the present invention, and
    Figure 5 shows schematically an example of a concrete sandwich wall element 15 cast with the solution in accordance with the present invention.
    In figure 1 is schematically shown a table mold arrangement in accordance with the present invention for casting a concrete sandwich wall element 1 with a substantially horizontal table mold. The concrete sandwich element 1 comprises an insulation layer 1b arranged between two concrete layers 1a and 1c. The insulation layer 1b 20 is made of sufficiently hard insulation material, such as polyurethane or expanded polystyrene (EPS) or similar type of insulation material.
    The mold in this solution comprises horizontal mold surface 2, which is formed by the upper metal surface of a substantially horizontal mold table, and sidewall units 3 and 4. The sidewall units 3 and 4 comprise mold sidewall plates 3a and 4a defining 25 the mold surfaces for the concrete layers 1a and 1c of the concrete sandwich wall element 1, and support structures 3b and 4b. The support structures 3b and 4b comprises detachable fixing means 3c and 4c for fixing the sidewall units 3 and 4.
    The fixing means 3c of the sidewall unit 3 for fixing the sidewall unit on the mold surface 2 comprises a magnet, which is this embodiment is inside the support struc30 ture 3b and an integral part of the sidewall unit 3.
    The fixing means 4c of the sidewall unit 4 are in the form of a device for applying a screwing action, which is screwed inside the insulation layer 1b for obtaining the
    20185014 prh 08 -01- 2018 required fixing and support effect for the sidewall unit 4. In this embodiment the fixing means 4c are an integral part of the sidewall unit 4, and are operated with a rod extending upwards from the upper surface of the support structure 4b, which allows the utilization of a furnishing robot for fixing of the sidewall unit.
    In figures 2A and 2B is schematically shown an alternative embodiment for the fixing means of the sidewall unit 4 for fixing it to the insulation layer 1 b. Figure 2A shows a side view of the sidewall unit 4, and figure 2B shows a bottom view of the fixing means 5.
    In this embodiment the mold sidewall plate 4a and the support structure 4b are fixed to the insulation layer of the concrete sandwich wall element via fixing means 5. The fixing means 5 comprise a horizontal plate member 5a and vertical plate-like protrusions 5b extending from the bottom surface of the horizontal plate member 5a. The fixing means 5 are movable in relation to the support structure 4b, i.e. the fixing means are moved inside the support structure 4b when releasing the fixing of the 15 sidewall unit 4 or when placing the sidewall unit at its proper place before fixing it there, and the fixing means are moved outside of the support structure for fixing the sidewall unit. For obtaining the fixing effect for the sidewall unit 4, the fixing means 5 are pushed inside the insulation layer 1 b so that the vertical plate-like protrusions 5b are embedded inside the insulation layer and the lower surface of the horizontal 20 plate member 5a is substantially at the level of the surface of the insulation layer.
    In this embodiment the fixing means 5 are an integral part of the sidewall unit 4, but the fixing means 5 may also be a separate part to which the rest of the sidewall unit 4 is fixed detachably. This detachable fixing may be implemented with a magnet when the horizontal plate member is made of metal, for example.
    Figures 3A and 3B shows schematically another alternative sidewall unit 4 fixing solution, which otherwise corresponds to the embodiment of figures 2A and 2B, but in which the plate-like protrusions 5b are replaced with plurality of pins 5c.
    In the present invention the vertical plate-like protrusions 5b or the pins 5c may also be replaced with other forms of suitable protrusions to be embedded in the insulation 30 material layer 1 b for obtaining the fixing effect of the sidewall unit 4 on the insulation material layer.
    Figures 4A and 4B show schematically one embodiment of the sidewall plate 4a of the sidewall unit of the invention. Figure 4A shows back view of the sidewall plate 4a and figure 4B shows the top view of the sidewall plate.
    20185014 prh 08 -01- 2018
    The sidewall plate 4a equipped with slots, which slots are filled with two-piece flexible material sections 6. These two-piece flexible material sections 6 allow the reinforcements 7 to extend through the sidewall plate 4a. The two pieces 6a and 6b of the flexible material are set against each other in vertical orientation in the slot of 5 the sidewall plate 4a so that reinforcements 7 can be pushed between them from upwards during the furnishing of the mold of the upper layer of the concrete sandwich element to be cast. Due to the flexibility of the pieces 6a and 6b the areas above and below of the reinforcements 7 are sufficiently sealed so that concrete mass cannot leak from the mold around the reinforcements 7.
    The two pieces 6a and 6b are formed in this embodiment from a rubber profiles comprising a hollow section, which enhances the flexibility of the pieces. Alternatively, the flexible material sections 6 may be formed from a single flexible material pieces by cutting them in vertically, for example. Alternatively, the flexible material sections 6 may be made from other flexible but sufficiently hard material, such as 15 expanded plastic, silicone, or combinations of these.
    Figure 5 shows schematically an example of a concrete sandwich wall element 8 cast with the with the sidewall plates shown in figures 3A and 3B.
    The concrete sandwich wall element 8 comprises an outer concrete shell 8a, an insulation layer 8b and a load bearing inner concrete shell 8c. The inner concrete 20 shell 8c in this embodiment covers smaller area of the element 8 that the other two layers 8a and 8b, and is equipped with reinforcements 7 extending outside from the shell. These reinforcements 7 are used connecting adjacent wall elements 8 to each other or to other supporting structures of a building both in vertical and horizontal directions to provide a very strong building structure, especially at earthquake areas.
    The specific exemplifying embodiments of the invention shown in figures and discussed above should not be construed as limiting. A person skilled in the art can amend and modify the embodiments of the sidewall unit of the invention described above in many evident ways within scope of attached claims. Thus, the invention is not limited merely to the embodiments described above.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. Method for fixing a detachable sidewall unit (4) comprising a mold surface (4a) in a horizontal mold for concrete sandwich element (1,8), which element comprises at least one insulation layer (1b, 8b), characterized in that the sidewall unit (4) is
    5 fixed in the insulation layer (1b, 8b) of the concrete sandwich element (1, 8) to be cast.
    [2] 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing of the sidewall unit (4) to the insulation layer (1 b, 8b) is implemented with fixing means (4c, 5) that are an integral part of the sidewall unit or separate structural entity from the sidewall unit.
    10
    [3] 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing of the sidewall unit (4) is implemented via the top surface of the insulation layer (1b, 8b) in the orientation of the insulation layer in the horizontal mold.
    [4] 4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fixing means (4c, 5) of the sidewall unit (4) are at least partially embedded in the insulation layer (1 b, 8b) to obtain
    15 the fixing effect for the sidewall unit.
    [5] 5. Sidewall unit (4) for a mold of concrete sandwich element (1,8), which element comprises at least one insulation layer (1 b, 8b), wherein the sidewall unit comprises a mold surface (4a), characterized in that the sidewall unit (4) comprises fixing means (4c, 5) for fixing the sidewall unit detachably to the insulation layer (1b, 8b)
    20 of the concrete sandwich element (1,8) to be cast.
    [6] 6. Sidewall unit (4) according to claim 5, wherein the fixing means (4c, 5) are an integral part of the sidewall unit (4) or a separate structural entity from the sidewall unit.
    [7] 7. Sidewall unit (4) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fixing means (4c, 5) 25 comprises a section (4c, 5b, 5c) to be embedded to the insulation layer (1b, 8b) of the concrete sandwich element (1,8) for obtaining the fixing effect.
    [8] 8. Sidewall unit (4) according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the fixing means comprises a device (4c) for applying a screwing action to be screwed in the insulation layer (1 b, 8b) for obtaining the fixing effect.
    30
    [9] 9. Sidewall unit (4) according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the fixing means (5) comprises parts (5b, 5c) to be pushed at least partially inside the insulation layer (1 b, 8) for obtaining the fixing effect.
    [10] 10. Sidewall unit (4) according to any of claims 5-9, wherein the mold surface (4a) comprises slots for allowing reinforcements (7) to extend through the mold surface, which slots are equipped with flexible material (6) for closing of the area of the slot not covered by the reinforcements.
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    同族专利:
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    CN110014505A|2019-07-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FI129007B|2013-07-03|2021-05-14|Elematic Oy Ab|Method for adjusting a sidewall unit of a casting mold for concrete products and sidewall unit of a casting mold for concrete products|
    CN103410271A|2013-08-22|2013-11-27|青岛市城阳区新世纪预制构件有限公司|Wall fabricating method for industrialized residence|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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    FI20185014A|FI128708B|2018-01-08|2018-01-08|Method for fixing a sidewall unit and a sidewall unit|FI20185014A| FI128708B|2018-01-08|2018-01-08|Method for fixing a sidewall unit and a sidewall unit|
    CN201910013871.XA| CN110014505B|2018-01-08|2019-01-08|Method for fastening a side wall element and side wall element|
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